Thursday, January 28, 2016

The Sun vs Cosmic Rays

As the sun's solar energy starts to wane, something else is increasing. And it's taking over it's place; the solar energy's place, that is). Today, I have read briefly on cosmic rays. Let me tell you something more about these. The amount of cosmic rays that reach Earth might initially be small at the start of a solar minimum. However, the longer the minimum lasts, the more cosmic rays have the ability to reach the Earth, as they are no longer disrupted so much, or "cancelled out" by the solar wind. Why? Because the solar wind, or energy, acts as an effective "white noise" caused by that of the solar radiation. Back to Cosmic rays, and in fact, there is something intriguing about these specific energetic particles. There have recently been some astonishing discoveries about Cosmic rays. Phenomenally enough, it has been found that they are NOT massless, as previously predicted. Another aspect is their ability to pack a serious impact. One single particle has so much "umph" that it is pretty much just like a massive meteor, whose energy is concentrated in a single area that is measured not just on the microscopic scale. It's measured on the quantum scale. As a result, this energy is concentrated enough, that these rays have FAR MORE ENERGY than even the most powerful radiation previously ever known to man, those that are emitted by Nuclear bombs. So, what are these particles capable of!? It's their incredible ability to penetrate all of the way through planets, including ones whose mass is at least as much as the Earth, that just goes to show just how energetic they are. Interestingly enough, if you look at the EM spectrum, and start at visible light, and keep moving down towards gamma rays, you may find that, paradoxically, it is these more energetic particles that struggle more to penetrate the Earth's atmosphere itself! This has to do with scattering. Another interesting aspect of the EM spectrum is the fact that microwaves, the light whose wavelengths exceed that of visible light don't even reach the Earth's surface at all! What's pretty fascinating is that at such extremely tiny scales of cosmic rays, detectors are only able to detect them during extremely rare instances. Yet how can it be possible that these particles, with energies far exceeding that of gamma rays, let alone x-rays, are not responsible for radiation sickness or cancer? Because of their size, which is extremely tiny. This tiny scale also allows the rays to effectively slide in between matter.

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